12/5/2023 0 Comments Heyyman nike fragment![]() Only the secreted insect cell product was stained in a lectin blot, suggesting its specific glycosylation. ![]() All three recombinant proteins were reactive in Western blots with rabbit anti-megalin antiserum, whereas the insect cell-derived proteins reacted preferentially in Western blot and ELISA with anti-megalin autoantibodies from rats with AHN induced by native megalin. Nephritogenicity appeared to correlate with conformational or other structural features of native megalin. Rats treated with the bacterial or nonsecreted insect cell proteins produced a milder anti-megalin response and did not develop the disease. Rats immunized with the soluble, secreted protein encoded by a baculovirus construct elicited high titer anti-megalin autoantibodies and developed glomerular immune deposits and elevated proteinuria consistent with AHN. Recombinant proteins containing a 563-residue N-terminal sequence of megalin were obtained from Escherichia coli and baculovirus-insect cell expression systems. (2011) language R: data sets and functions with “Analyzing linguistic data: a practical introduction to statistics”, R package version 1.4.Active Heymann nephritis (AHN), a rat model of autoimmune glomerulonephritis, is induced by immunization with autologous megalin, a 600-kDa cell surface glycoprotein isolated from crude renal extracts. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.īaayen RH. (2010) Analyzing Linguistic Data: A Practical Introduction to Statistics. (2006) Forest fragmentation modifies habitat quality for Alouatta palliata. ![]() Neotrop Primates 15: 46–50.Īrroyo-Rodríguez V, Mandujano S. (2008) Habitat characterization and population density of brown spider monkeys (Ateles hybridus) in Magdalena Valley, Colombia. Am J Primatol 75: 1108–1116.Īldana AM, Beltrán M, Torres-Neira J, Stevenson PR. (2013) Behavioral and physiological responses to subgroup size and number of people in howler monkeys inhabiting a forest fragment used for nature-based tourism. We propose that FGCM measurements should be used as a tool to monitor populations living in disturbed areas and to assess the success of conservation strategies, such as corridors connecting forest fragments.Īlouatta seniculus Ateles hybridus faecal glucocorticoid metabolites habitat fragmentation hunting logging.Īguilar-Melo AR, Andresen E, Cristóbal-Azkarate J, Arroyo-Rodríguez V, Chavira R, Schondube J, Serio-Silva JC, Cuarón AD. If these anthropogenic disturbances persist in the long term, elevated FGCM levels can potentially lead to a state of chronic stress, which might limit the future viability of populations. This suggests that the two species differ in their physiological responsiveness to anthropogenic changes, further emphasizing why brown spider monkeys are at higher extinction risk than red howler monkeys. Spider monkeys showed elevated FGCMs in fragments with the highest level of human impact, whereas we did not find this effect in howler monkeys. Surprisingly, fragment size did not influence FGCM levels in either species. We measured faecal glucocorticoid metabolite (FGCM) levels in both species using previously validated methods. We collected faecal samples from eight spider monkey groups and 31 howler monkey groups, living in seven and 10 different forest fragments in Colombia, respectively. These two species have been reported to contrast strongly in their ability to cope with anthropogenic disturbances. Here, we investigated the effect of fragment size and human impact (logging and hunting pressure) on glucocorticoid levels of two sympatric Neotropical primates, the red howler monkey (Alouatta seniculus) and the critically endangered brown spider monkey (Ateles hybridus). increased glucocorticoid output) on animals, and chronically elevated stress levels can have detrimental effects on the long-term viability of animal populations. Both processes can impose physiological stress (i.e. Habitat fragmentation and anthropogenic disturbances are of major concern to the conservation of endangered species because of their potentially negative impact on animal populations.
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